What is the central ray angle and direction for the AP axial projection of the sacrum?

The central ray angle and direction for the AP axial projection of the sacrum is directed 15 degrees cephalad. Positioning the central ray at this angle is crucial because it helps to align the X-ray beam with the sacrum's natural curvature, minimizing distortion and providing a clear image.

In this projection, the cephalad angulation elevates the central ray towards the head, allowing it to capture the sacrum in its entirety by reducing superimposition of the pelvis over the sacrum. The optimal angle creates a better image quality by preventing the need for excessive positioning adjustments that could lead to repeated exposures.

Understanding the importance of the 15-degree cephalad angle helps ensure accurate imaging of the sacrum, allowing for proper assessment and diagnosis in clinical settings.